Transits of Venus Lunar Eclipses Occultation of planets by Moon Solar eclipses during transit Solar System Planetary Transits Mutual Planetary Transits

Solar eclipses during transits

One hundred millennium catalog

50 000 BC - 50 000 AD


Transit of Mercury and Partial Solar Eclipse

Click here for special web page
on the Partial Solar Eclipse during Transit of Mercury on 5th of July 6757

Eclipses of the Sun can only occur near the New Moon phase. It is then possible for the Moon's penumbral, umbral or antumbral shadows to sweep across Earth's surface thereby producing an eclipse. There are four types of solar eclipses:

  1. Partial - Moon's penumbral shadow traverses Earth (umbral and antumbral shadows completely miss Earth)
  2. Annular - Moon's antumbral shadow traverses Earth (Moon is too far from Earth to completely cover the Sun)
  3. Total - Moon's umbral shadow traverses Earth (Moon is close enough to Earth to completely cover the Sun)
  4. Hybrid - Moon's umbral and antumbral shadows traverse Earth (eclipse appears annular and total along different sections of its path). Hybrid eclipses are also known as annular-total eclipses.

The transit or passage of a planet across the disk of the Sun may be thought of as a special kind of eclipse. As seen from Earth, only transits of the inner planets Mercury and Venus are possible. Planetary transits are far more rare than eclipses of the Sun by the Moon. On the average, there are 13 transits of Mercury each century. In comparison, transits of Venus usually occur in pairs with eight years separating the two events. However, more than a century elapses between each transit pair.

Solar eclipses during transit: 50000 BC to 50000 AD

During the 100 000 years interval a total of 238 070 solar eclipses or very close misses, 16 496 transits of Mercury or very close misses and 1 268 transits of Venus or very close misses were found. On 90 occasions a solar eclipse occurs within 8 hours of transit of either Mercury or Venus, in 52 of them simultaneousity occurs. The following table shows the number of eclipses, depending on the transiting planet.

Transiting bodyEclipses
Mercury49
Venus3

Distribution of eclipses by their type is as follows:

Eclipse typeNumber
Annular16
Total16
Partial16
Hybrid4

The table below systematizes data for all lunar eclipses occurring during a transit over the one hundred millennia timespan. It contains times of greatest eclipse (transit) in artificially extended Julian and Gregorian calendars. Please note: both calendar systems were not intended to be used over such wide timespan, thus those dates are just a rough approximation and should not be taken literally. Next the Julian Day count of events is given. Solar eclipse type is given last. Please note: it refers to the eclipse itself, and in the case of central eclipses may or may not be the eclipse type at which simultaneousity occurs. Events in italics are not certainly simultaneous due to uncertainty in lunar tidal acceleration.

Catalog Number Calendar Date and Time JD Transiting Body Eclipse Type
01 BC 48926 Aug 16 11:36 -16148571.52 Mercury total
BC 48926 Aug 16 08:46 -16148571.63 Moon
02 BC 46684 Aug 31 17:39 -15329665.36 Mercury partial
BC 46684 Aug 31 19:56 -15329665.17 Moon
03 BC 36127 Apr 19 23:56 -11473855.00 Mercury total
BC 36127 Apr 19 21:31 -11473855.10 Moon
04 BC 35374 Oct 26 18:59 -11198632.21 Mercury annular
BC 35374 Oct 26 14:56 -11198632.38 Moon
05 BC 33533 Nov 06 17:50 -10526195.26 Mercury annular
BC 33533 Nov 06 13:23 -10526195.44 Moon
06 BC 33188 May 09 01:23 -10400365.94 Mercury total
BC 33188 May 09 03:17 -10400365.86 Moon
07 BC 31738 Nov 18 10:30 -9870560.56 Mercury annular
BC 31738 Nov 18 09:21 -9870560.61 Moon
08 BC 31692 Nov 18 16:09 -9853758.33 Mercury partial
BC 31692 Nov 18 17:20 -9853758.28 Moon
09 BC 31347 May 21 03:46 -9727928.84 Mercury total
BC 31347 May 21 05:39 -9727928.76 Moon
10 BC 30295 May 27 22:30 -9343679.06 Mercury partial
BC 30295 May 27 20:36 -9343679.14 Moon
11 BC 29943 Nov 29 02:28 -9214925.90 Mercury total
BC 29943 Nov 28 21:48 -9214926.09 Moon
12 BC 28891 Dec 05 18:10 -8830676.24 Mercury partial
BC 28891 Dec 05 14:58 -8830676.38 Moon
13 BC 27711 Jun 13 04:33 -8399856.81 Mercury annular
BC 27711 Jun 13 03:41 -8399856.85 Moon
14 BC 25962 Jun 23 21:42 -7761024.10 Mercury annular
BC 25962 Jun 24 02:10 -7761023.91 Moon
15 BC 23906 Jan 03 10:20 -7010241.57 Mercury total
BC 23906 Jan 03 08:14 -7010241.66 Moon
16 BC 23163 Jan 07 09:15 -6738856.61 Mercury partial
BC 23163 Jan 07 08:03 -6738856.66 Moon
17 BC 15973 Aug 01 07:34 -4112502.69 Mercury partial
BC 15973 Aug 01 10:15 -4112502.57 Moon
18 BC 15607 Nov 01 13:52 -3978729.42 Venus annular
BC 15607 Nov 01 10:38 -3978729.56 Moon
19 BC 14533 Aug 09 11:45 -3586534.51 Mercury total
BC 14533 Aug 09 11:35 -3586534.52 Moon
20 BC 12830 Aug 20 03:07 -2964503.87 Mercury partial
BC 12830 Aug 19 23:52 -2964504.01 Moon
21 BC 12133 Aug 23 02:54 -2709920.88 Mercury annular
BC 12133 Aug 23 06:41 -2709920.72 Moon
22 BC 11436 Aug 27 02:41 -2455337.89 Mercury annular
BC 11436 Aug 27 05:01 -2455337.79 Moon
23 BC 6945 Sep 20 17:49 -814975.26 Mercury hybrid
BC 6945 Sep 20 13:55 -814975.42 Moon
24 AD 06757 Jul 05 19:07 4189188.80 Mercury partial
AD 06757 Jul 05 18:16 4189188.76 Moon
25 AD 08059 Jul 20 12:01 4664749.50 Mercury annular
AD 08059 Jul 20 10:25 4664749.43 Moon
26 AD 09361 Aug 04 06:15 5140310.26 Mercury annular
AD 09361 Aug 04 05:56 5140310.25 Moon
27 AD 09622 Feb 04 16:42 5235457.70 Mercury annular
AD 09622 Feb 04 15:23 5235457.64 Moon
28 AD 09966 Aug 11 09:55 5361288.41 Mercury total
AD 09966 Aug 11 08:17 5361288.34 Moon
29 AD 10663 Aug 20 02:03 5615871.09 Mercury hybrid
AD 10663 Aug 20 04:10 5615871.17 Moon
30 AD 11268 Aug 25 06:29 5836849.27 Mercury total
AD 11268 Aug 25 09:02 5836849.38 Moon
31 AD 11575 Feb 28 22:40 5948799.94 Mercury annular
AD 11575 Feb 28 20:11 5948799.84 Moon
32 AD 11965 Sep 03 23:15 6091431.97 Mercury total
AD 11965 Sep 04 04:19 6091432.18 Moon
33 AD 12570 Sep 10 04:37 6312410.19 Mercury total
AD 12570 Sep 10 10:12 6312410.42 Moon
34 AD 15232 Apr 05 15:46 7284528.66 Venus hybrid
AD 15232 Apr 05 17:54 7284528.75 Moon
35 AD 15790 Apr 20 22:36 7488348.94 Mercury total
AD 15790 Apr 21 02:11 7488349.09 Moon
36 AD 16487 Apr 29 20:31 7742931.86 Mercury total
AD 16487 Apr 30 00:23 7742932.02 Moon
37 AD 17092 May 06 07:43 7963910.32 Mercury hybrid
AD 17092 May 06 07:30 7963910.31 Moon
38 AD 20599 Dec 14 04:08 9245037.17 Mercury annular
AD 20599 Dec 14 01:35 9245037.07 Moon
39 AD 21901 Dec 30 11:44 9720598.49 Mercury annular
AD 21901 Dec 30 12:44 9720598.53 Moon
40 AD 22507 Jan 05 22:44 9941576.95 Mercury total
AD 22507 Jan 05 18:05 9941576.75 Moon
41 AD 23158 Jan 13 15:12 10179357.63 Mercury annular
AD 23158 Jan 13 13:06 10179357.55 Moon
42 AD 23809 Jan 21 07:51 10417138.33 Mercury partial
AD 23809 Jan 21 06:43 10417138.28 Moon
43 AD 31559 Oct 18 08:05 13248037.34 Mercury partial
AD 31559 Oct 18 05:24 13248037.23 Moon
44 AD 32210 Oct 25 14:46 13485817.61 Mercury partial
AD 32210 Oct 25 18:32 13485817.77 Moon
45 AD 32305 May 02 12:58 13520339.54 Mercury partial
AD 32305 May 02 11:01 13520339.46 Moon
46 AD 32769 Oct 30 07:36 13689993.32 Mercury total
AD 32769 Oct 30 04:51 13689993.20 Moon
47 AD 33441 Sep 17 00:33 13935393.02 Venus partial
AD 33441 Sep 17 05:05 13935393.21 Moon
48 AD 41998 Aug 23 03:54 17060748.16 Mercury partial
AD 41998 Aug 23 02:01 17060748.08 Moon
49 AD 42649 Aug 30 23:49 17298528.99 Mercury partial
AD 42649 Aug 30 20:30 17298528.85 Moon
50 AD 43813 Sep 13 01:30 17723684.06 Mercury total
AD 43813 Sep 12 20:42 17723683.86 Moon
51 AD 44464 Sep 19 21:23 17961464.89 Mercury annular
AD 44464 Sep 19 17:33 17961464.73 Moon
52 AD 46279 Oct 11 18:44 18624400.78 Mercury partial
AD 46279 Oct 11 21:55 18624400.91 Moon


Dedicated web pages on simultaneous occurrence of solar eclipse and planetary transit

6757 Jul 05: Solar Eclipse and Transit of Mercury

8059 Jul 20: Solar Eclipse and Transit of Mercury

15232 Apr 05: Solar Eclipse and Transit of Venus


About Predictions

All computations were performed with numerical integration software SOLEX and a value of 25.858"/century2 was used for lunar tidal acceleration.

Permission is freely granted to reproduce this data, however a link to this website will be appreciated.


Notes

For events with catalog numbers 4, 14, 49 and 52 simultaneousity is possible, but not certain.

The Gregorian calendar is used for all dates beginning 1582 Oct 15. Before that date, the Julian calendar is used. Due to the Gregorian Calendar reform, the day after 1582 Oct 04 (Julian calendar) is 1582 Oct 15 (Gregorian calendar). The prefixes of 5 digit year, BC and AD, stand for "Before Christ" and "Anno Domini" (latin for "the year of our Lord") respectively.

The instant of Greatest Eclipse is defined as the moment when the distance between Earth's center of mass and the axis of lunar umbra reaches its minumum. By analogy, at the instant of Greatest Transit the angular separation between centers of Sun and transiting body reaches its minimum for an observer at Earth's Geocenter. Instants of greatest transits and eclipses are given in the uniform timescale of TT (Terrestial Time) instead of UT (Universal Time). For planets accurate within couple of minutes, for Moon accurate within a minute for +/- 10 000 years from epoch J1900, error growing quadratically with time (reaching 25 minutes at the ends of interval), due to the accumulation of uncertainty of the lunar tidal acceleration.

Eclipse type (total, annular) refers to the eclipse itself, and depending on circumstances may or may not be the phase at which the transit is occurring. For example transit may have ended before totality begins, or transit may begin after totality have ended (lunar umbral shadow left surface of Earth).

See also: Lunar eclipses during transit.